Title : Incidence of Demodicosis in Dogs and its Therapeutic Management with Special Reference to Herbal Nano Formulation
Abstract:
Present investigation was conducted for incidence of demodicosis in dogs and its therapeutic management with special reference to herbal nano formulation. A total of 1200 dogs were screened for demodicosis and 35 cases were confirmed for demodicosis by skin scraping & PCR examination. Overall incidence of demodicosis was 2.91% (35/1200). Month wise incidence study revealed highest incidence in summer season (April-July) and lowest in the winter season (October-March). Dogs of 0-6 months and >3 years age group was found more susceptible to demodicosis during the study period. Sex wise incidence showed males were more susceptible to demodicosis. Breed wise incidence revealed crossbred dogs (34.28%) were more affected followed by American Pitbull (17.14%). The typical characteristics of Demodex spp. were confirmed in (20/35) 57.14% cases by skin scraping examination while PCR examination demonstrated (35/35) 100% by the amplification of an approximately 483bp. Sequencing of PCR products were analyzed by BLAST & the results indicated 99.7% identical to available sequences of D. canis MG372354 (1:99.7) and 98.8 identical with D. canis KU253790 (33:98.8) & MG372359 (1:96.8). The sequence of the PCR product of positive samples was submitted to NCBI GenBank for accession number and MK177513 accession number was obtained for GenBank. Anaemia, Leucocytosis, Eosinophilia, Hypoalbuminemia significant (p<0.01) increased in globulin, blood glucose, total protein were the characteristics haemato-biochemical changes in canine demodicosis. Among DLC, % of Lymphocyte were significantly (p<0.01) decreased, whereas granulocyte count was significantly (p<0.01) increased in Demodex infected dogs as compared to healthy dogs in the present study. Study of oxidant-antioxidant status of demodicosis, revealed a significant (p<0.01) reduction in the mean values TA (0.76 ± 0.04 mM), GSH (0.33 ± 0.03μM), SOD (3.41 ± 0.20μ/ml), LPO (0.06 ± 0.00nmol) in Demodex infected dogs. The therapeutic evaluation of herbal formulation against demodicosis revealed all the parameters viz, haemato-biochemical changes and oxidant-antioxidant status was improved on day 21 post therapy onwards which was similar with standard therapy i.e. Amitraz. From the present study it seems that Herbo-Nano medicine can be an effective alternative of Amitraz in case of demodicosis.
