Obesity, or an excess of bodily fat, has become a widespread problem in animals in recent years. Apart from affecting their overall health, it can also limit the life span of animals. Serious health problems, including osteoarthritis, heart disease, diabetes, respiratory problems, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease, may occur in such animals. Obesity is typically caused by excessive caloric intake and inefficient energy utilisation. Overfeeding and lack of exercise are the most common causes, however disorders like hypothyroidism and insulinoma can also induce obesity in animals. Obesity is the most common form of malnutrition in small animals, and it is also one of the most common conditions seen in veterinary practise. Overweight animals who lose weight live longer, have more vigour, and have less pain. According to estimates, at least 25% to 30% of dogs and cats in industrialised countries are obese. Because of the high frequency of overweight animals, clinical measures to treat and prevent this nutritionally sensitive condition are necessary.
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