The use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition is known as stem-cell therapy. The cells are normally obtained from bone marrow transplantation, although they can also be obtained from umbilical cord blood. The development of various sources for stem cells, as well as the use of stem-cell therapy for neurological illnesses and conditions including diabetes and heart disease, is currently underway. Following breakthroughs such as scientists' capacity to collect and culture embryonic stem cells, produce stem cells utilising somatic cell nuclear transfer, and apply procedures to create induced pluripotent stem cells, stem-cell therapy has become contentious. To date, stem cells have been employed to treat a number of diseases in various animal species, largely on an experimental basis. Regenerative veterinary medicine began with an emphasis on orthopaedic disorders, but it is now rapidly growing to include orodental and digestive tract ailments, as well as cardiac, liver, renal, respiratory, neuromuscular, cutaneous, olfactory, and reproductive system diseases. In dogs and horses, stem cell treatments were most commonly used to treat disorders of various organ systems, while in cats, they were used to treat respiratory, renal, and inflammatory diseases.
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